Related provisions for PERG 8.14.38

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REC 2.6.7EURP

[Note: article 3 of MiFIR covers pre-trade transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, ETFs, certificates and other similar financial instruments, and article 8 of MiFIR imposes similar requirements in respect of bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives]7

2Pre-trade transparency obligations

(1)

A ... market operator operating an MTF or a regulated market shall, in respect of each share admitted to trading on a regulated market that is traded within a system operated by it and specified in Table 1 of Annex II [(see REC 2.6.8 EU)], make public the information set out in paragraphs 2 to 6.

(2)

Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a continuous auction order book trading system, it shall, for each share as specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the aggregate number of orders and of the shares those orders represent at each price level, for the five best bid and offer price levels.

(3)

Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a quote-driven trading system, it shall, for each share as specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the best bid and offer by price of each market maker in that share, together with the volumes attaching to those prices.

The quotes made public shall be those that represent binding commitments to buy and sell the shares and which indicate the price and volume of shares in which the registered market makers are prepared to buy or sell.

In exceptional market conditions, however, indicative or one-way prices may be allowed for a limited time.

(4)

Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a periodic auction trading system, it shall, for each share specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the price that would best satisfy the system's trading algorithm and the volume that would potentially be executable at that price by participants in that system.

(5)

Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a trading system which is not wholly covered by paragraphs 2 or 3 or 4, either because it is a hybrid system falling under more than one of those paragraphs or because the price determination process is of a different nature, it shall maintain a standard of pre-trade transparency that ensures that adequate information is made public as to the price level of orders or quotes for each share specified in paragraph 1, as well as the level of trading interest in that share.

In particular, the five best bid and offer price levels and/or two-way quotes of each market maker in that share shall be made public, if the characteristics of the price discovery mechanism permit it.

(6)

A summary of the information to be made public in accordance with paragraphs 2 to 5 is specified in Table 1 of Annex II. [(see REC 2.6.8 EU)]
REC 2.6.8EURP

[Note: MiFID RTS 1 on transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, exchange traded funds, certificates and other similar financial instruments and the obligation for investment firms to execute transactions in certain shares on a trading venue or a systematic internaliser]

2Type of system

Description of system

Summary of information to be made public, in accordance with Article 17

continuous auction order book trading system

a system that by means of an order book and a trading algorithm operated without human intervention matches sell orders with matching buy orders on the basis of the best available price on a continuous basis

the aggregate number of orders and the shares they represent at each price level, for at least the five best bid and offer price levels.

quote-driven trading system

a system where transactions are concluded on the basis of firm quotes that are continuously made available to participants, which requires the market makers to maintain quotes in a size that balances the needs of members and participants to deal in a commercial size and the risk to which the market maker exposes itself

the best bid and offer by price of each market maker in that share, together with the volumes attaching to those prices

periodic auction trading system

a system that matches orders on the basis of a periodic auction and a trading algorithm operated without human intervention

the price at which the auction trading system would best satisfy its trading algorithm and the volume that would potentially be executable at that price

trading system not covered by first three rows

A hybrid system falling into two or more of the first three rows or a system where the price determination process is of a different nature than that applicable to the types of system covered by [the] first three rows

adequate information as to the level of orders or quotes and of trading interest; in particular, the five best bid and offer price levels and/or two way quotes of each market maker in the share, if the characteristics of the price discovery mechanism so permit

REC 2.6.15EURP

[Note: article 6 of MiFIR now covers post-trade transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, ETFs, certificates and other similar financial instruments and article 10 of MiFIR imposes similar requirements in respect of bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives]7

Article 27(1) of the MiFID Regulation

2Post-trade transparency obligation

1.

... regulated markets, and ... market operators operating an MTF shall, with regard to transactions in respect of shares admitted to trading on regulated markets concluded ... within their systems, make public the following details:

(a)

the details specified in points 2, 3, 6, 16, 17, 18 and 21 of Table 1 of Annex I [(see REC 2.6.16 EU)]

(b)

an indication that the exchange of shares is determined by factors other than the current market valuation of the share, where applicable [(see REC 2.6.17 EU)];

(c)

an indication that the trade was a negotiated trade, where applicable;

(d)

any amendments to previously disclosed information, where applicable.

Those details shall be made public either by reference to each transaction or in a form aggregating the volume and price of all transactions in the same share taking place at the same price at the same time.
REC 2.6.29GRP
2In determining whether a UK RIE is ensuring that business conducted by means of its facilities is conducted in an orderly manner (and so as to afford proper protection to investors), the FCA5 may have regard to whether the UK RIE's arrangements and practices: 5(1) enable members and clients for whom they act to obtain the best price available at the time for their size and type of trade;(2) demonstrate that the UK RIE is able to satisfy:7(a) either or both of the following:7(i)
SYSC 19C.3.34GRP
(1) Taking account of the BIPRU remuneration principles proportionality rule, the FCA does not generally consider it necessary for a firm to apply the rules in (2) where, in relation to an individual ("X"), both the following conditions are satisfied: (a) condition 1 requires that X’s variable remuneration is no more than 33% of total remuneration; and(b) condition 2 requires that X’s total remuneration is no more than 500,000.(2) The rules referred to in (1) relate to: (a) guaranteed
SYSC 19C.3.47RRP
(1) A firm must ensure that a substantial portion, at least 50%, of any variable remuneration consists of an appropriate balance of: (a) shares or equivalent ownership interests, subject to the legal structure of the firm concerned, or share-linked instruments or equivalent non-cash instruments for a non-listed firm; and(b) where appropriate, capital instruments which are eligible for inclusion at stage B1 of the calculation in the capital resources table, where applicable, adequately
SYSC 19C.3.50GRP
(1) Deferred remuneration paid in shares or share-linked instruments should be made under a scheme which meets appropriate criteria, including risk adjustment of the performance measure used to determine the initial allocation of shares. Deferred remuneration paid in cash should also be subject to performance criteria.(2) The FCA generally expects a firm to have a firm-wide policy (and group-wide policy, where appropriate) on deferral. The proportion deferred should generally
SYSC 19C.3.52ERP
(1) A firm should reduce unvested deferred variable remuneration when, as a minimum: (a) there is reasonable evidence of employee misbehaviour or material error; or(b) the firm or the relevant business unit suffers a material downturn in its financial performance; or(c) the firm or the relevant business unit suffers a material failure of risk management.(2) For performance adjustment purposes, awards of deferred variable remuneration made in shares or other non-cash instruments
PERG 9.4.4GRP
Analysing a typical corporate structure in terms of the definition of a collective investment scheme, money will be paid to the body corporate in exchange for shares or securities issued by it. The body corporate becomes the beneficial owner of that money in exchange for rights against the legal entity that is the body corporate. The body corporate then has its own duties and rights that are distinct from those of the holders of its shares or securities. Such arrangements will,
PERG 9.4.6GRP
In the FCA's view, the question of what constitutes a single scheme in line with section 235(4) of the Act does not arise in relation to a body corporate. This is simply because the body corporate is itself a collective investment scheme (and so is a single scheme). Section 235(4) contemplates a 'separate' pooling of parts of the property that is subject to the arrangements referred to in section 235(1). But to analyse a body corporate in this way requires looking through its
LR 10.8.9GRP
(1) When a listed company enters into a joint venture it should consider how this chapter applies.(2) It is common, when entering into a joint venture, for the partners to include exit provisions in the terms of the agreement. These typically give each partner a combination of rights and obligations to either sell their own holding or to acquire their partner's holding should certain triggering events occur.(3) If the listed company does not retain sole discretion over the event
LR 10.5.4RRP
(1) 2If a listed company becomes aware of a matter described in (2) after the publication of a circular that seeks shareholder approval for a transaction expressly requiring a vote by the listing rules, but before the date of a general meeting, it must, as soon as practicable:(a) advise the FCA of the matters of which it has become aware; and(b) send a supplementary circular to holders of its listedequity shares providing an explanation of the matters referred to in (2).(2) The
LR 10.5.5GRP
2LR 13 applies in relation to a supplementary circular. It may be necessary to adjourn a convened shareholder meeting if a supplementary circular cannot be sent to holders of listedequity shares at least 7 days prior to the convened shareholder meeting as required by LR 13.1.9 R.
IFPRU 3.2.5GRP
An indirect or synthetic holding includes a holding of a firm of shares, any other interest in the capital and subordinated debt, whether in the trading book or non-trading book, in:(1) an institution ; or(2) a financial institution; that satisfies the following conditions:(3) the holding is the subject of an agreement or arrangement between the firm and either the issuer of the instrument in question or a member of the group to which the issuer belongs;(4) under the terms of
IFPRU 3.2.11RRP
A firm does not have to give notice under IFPRU 3.2.10 R if the capital instrument is: (1) an ordinary share; or(2) a debt instrument issued under a debt securities programme under which the firm or group member has previously issued and the firm has notified the FCA, in accordance with IFPRU 3.2.10 R, prior to a previous issuance under the programme.
LR 13.1.2RRP
A listed company must ensure that circulars it issues to holders of its listedequity shares3 comply with the requirements of this chapter.
LR 13.1.9RRP
5A supplementary circular must be sent to holders of listedequity shares no later than 7 days prior to the date of a meeting at which a vote which is expressly required under the listing rules will be taken.
LR 10.7.1RRP
LR 10 Annex 1 is modified as follows in relation to acquisitions or disposals of property by a listedproperty company:(1) for the purposes of paragraph 2R(1) (the gross assets test), the assets test is calculated by dividing the transaction consideration by the gross assets of the listedproperty company and paragraphs 2R(5) and 2R(6) do not apply;(2) for the purposes of paragraph 2R(1) (the gross assets test), if the transaction is an acquisition of land to be developed, the assets
LR 10.7.2RRP
(1) In addition to the tests in LR 10 Annex 1, if the transaction is an acquisition of property by a listedproperty company and any of the consideration is in the equity shares1 of that company, the listed company must determine the percentage ratios that result from the calculations under the test in (2).11(2) The share capital test is calculated by dividing the number of consideration shares to be issued by the number of equity shares1 in issue (excluding treasury shares).1
SUP 11.9.2AGRP
2A firm may elect not to include the following close links in the notification submitted under SUP 11.9.1A R, SUP 11.9.1B R, SUP 11.9.5A R, SUP 11.9.5B R3 or SUP 16.5:3(1) shares held in its capacity as custodian provided it can only exercise any voting rights attached to such shares under instructions given in writing or by electronic means; (2) shares held in its capacity as collateral taker under a collateral transaction which involves the outright transfer of securities provided
PERG 9.7.3GRP
The reasonable investor is a hypothetical investor. The implications of this are that the test does not relate to actual investment by a particular person at a particular time or in relation to a particular issue of any class of shares or securities. In the FCA's view, what underlies the test is what a reasonable investor would think he was getting into if he were contemplating investment in a particular body corporate. In addition, because the investor is hypothetical, the investment
PERG 9.7.4GRP
In practice, the assessment of the nature of a particular body corporate will have to be made by applying the definition whenever an authorised person proposes to communicate an invitation or inducement to others for them to participate in the body corporate by buying shares or securities issued by it.
IPRU-INV 13.15.3RRP

A firm must calculate its capital resources in accordance with table 13.15.3(1).

Table 13.15.3(1)

This table forms part of IPRU-INV 13.15.3R.

Capital resources

Companies

Sole traders: Partnerships

Paid-up share capital (excluding preference shares2 redeemable by shareholders2 within two years)

Eligible LLP members’ capital

Share premium account

Retained profits (see IPRU-INV 13.15.4R) and interim net profits (Note 1)

Revaluation reserves

Subordinated loans (see IPRU-INV 13.15.7R)

Debt capital

Balances on proprietor’s or partners’

- capital accounts2

- current accounts2

(see IPRU-INV 13.15.4R)

Revaluation reserves

Subordinated loans (see IPRU-INV 13.15.7R)

less

- Intangible assets

- Material current year losses

- Excess LLP members’ drawings

less

- Intangible assets

- Material current year losses

- Excess of current year drawings over current year profits2

Note 1

Retained profits must be audited and interim net profits must be verified by the firm's external auditor, unless the firm is exempt from the provisions of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 (section 477 (Small companies: Conditions for exemption from audit)) relating to the audit of accounts.
IPRU-INV 13.15.9RRP
A Category B firm must calculate:(1) the aggregate amount of its short-term subordinated loans and its preference shares which are not redeemable within two years; (2) the amount of the firm's total capital and reserves excluding preference share capital, less the amount of its intangible assets, multiplied by 400%.
LR 16.4.3RRP
The interests of a single person or entity which exceeds 10% of the issued shares (calculated exclusive of treasury shares) of any class of share in the capital of the open-ended investment company must, so far as they are known to it, be notified to a RIS as soon as possible following the open-ended investment company becoming aware of those interests.
LR 16.4.4RRP
LR 10 (Significant transactions) and LR 12 (Dealing in own securities and treasury shares) do not apply to an open-ended investment company.
REC 3.14.5GRP
Securities falling within the same article in Part III of the Regulated Activities Order which may be given the same generic description (for example, shares admitted to the UKofficial list) will normally be regarded as being of the same type. Options in relation to the same type of security will normally be regarded as being options of the same type.
REC 3.14.10GRP
The FCA3does not need to be notified of proposals to offer (or to withdraw offers of) safeguarding and administration services for individual assets of the same type. Specified investments (other than securities) falling within the same article in Part III of the Regulated Activities Order will normally be regarded as being of the same type. Securities falling within the same article in Part III of the Regulated Activities Order which may be given the same generic description
LR 18.4.2RRP
A UK issuer of equity shares which the certificates represent must comply with the continuing obligations set out in LR 9 (Continuing obligations) in addition to the requirements of this section.
LR 18.4.3RRP
An overseas company that is the issuer of the equity shares which the certificates represent must comply with:(1) the requirements of this section;(2) the continuing obligations set out in LR 14.3 (Continuing obligations) (other than in LR 14.3.2 R and LR 14.3.15 R), LR 18.2.8 R3 and LR 18.4.3A R2; and1(3) the obligations in articles 17 and 18 of the Market Abuse Regulation4 as if it were an issuer for the purposes of those obligations and4 the transparency rules, subject to article
DTR 1B.1.3RRP
DTR 7.1 does not apply to:(1) any issuer which is a subsidiary undertaking of a parent undertaking where the parent undertaking is subject to:3(a) DTR 7.1, or to requirements implementing article 39 of the Audit Directive in any other EEA State; and3(b) articles 11(1), 11(2) and 16(5) of the Audit Regulation;3[Note: article 39(3)(a)3 of the Audit Directive](2) any issuer the sole business of which is to act as the issuer of asset-backed securities provided the entity makes a statement
DTR 1B.1.6RRP
The rules in DTR 7.2.2 R, 7.2.3R, 7.2.7R and 7.2.8AR5 do not apply to an issuer which has not issued shares which are admitted to trading unless it has issued shares which are traded on an MTF.[Note: article 20(4) of the Accounting Directive4]
DTR 4.4.3RRP
The rules on half-yearly financial reports (DTR 4.2) do not apply to a credit institution whose shares are not admitted to trading and which has, in a continuous or repeated manner, only issued debt securities provided that:(1) the total nominal amount of all such debt securities remains below 100,000,000 Euros; and(2) the credit institution has not published a prospectus in accordance with the prospectus directive.[Note: article 8(2) of the TD]
DTR 4.4.5RRP
The rules on half-yearly financial reports (DTR 4.2) do not apply to an issuer of transferable securities convertible into shares.3
PERG 8.28.3GRP
Information may often involve:(1) listings of share and unit prices; or(2) company news or announcements; or(3) an explanation of the terms and conditions of an investment; or(4) a comparison of the benefits and risks of one investment as compared to another; or(5) league tables showing the performance of investments of a particular kind against set published criteria; or(6) details of directors’ dealings in the shares of their own companies; or(7) alerting persons to the happening
PERG 8.28.4GRP
In the FCA's opinion, however, such information may take on the nature of advice if the circumstances in which it is provided give it the force of a recommendation. For example:(1) a person may offer to provide information on directors’ dealings on the basis that, in his opinion, were directors to buy or sell investors would do well to follow suit;(2) a person may offer to tell a client when certain shares reach a certain value (which would be advice if the person providing the
LR 18.2.5RRP
(1) For the certificates to be listed, the securities which the certificates represent must be freely transferable. [Note: Articles 46, 54 and 60 CARD](2) For the certificates to be listed, the securities which the certificates represent must be fully paid and free from all liens and from any restriction on the right of transfer (except any restriction imposed for failure to comply with a notice under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006 (Notice by company requiring information
LR 18.2.8RRP
(1) If an application is made for the admission of a class of certificates representing shares of an overseas company, a sufficient number of certificates must, no later than the time of admission, be distributed to the public in one or more EEA States.(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), account may also be taken of holders in one or more states that are not EEA States, if the certificates are listed in the state or states.(3) For the purposes of paragraph (1), a sufficient
COLL 3.3.6RRP
(1) This rule applies whenever the instrument of incorporation of an ICVC provides, in relation to any class, for smaller denomination shares and larger denomination shares.(2) Whenever a registered holding includes a number of smaller denomination shares that can be consolidated into a larger denomination share of the same class, the ACD must consolidate the relevant number of those smaller denomination shares into a larger denomination share.(3) The ACD may, to effect a transaction
COLL 3.3.7GRP
Regulation 45 of the OEIC Regulations (Shares) allows the rights attached to a share in an ICVC of any class to be expressed in two denominations, in which case the 'smaller' denomination must be such proportion of the 'larger' denomination (a standard share) as is fixed by the ICVC's instrument of incorporation as described in COLL 3.2.6R (19). This will enable holdings to consist of more or less than a complete number of larger denomination shares.
LR 7.2.1ARRP

3The Premium Listing Principles are as follows:

Premium Listing Principle 1

A listed company must take reasonable steps to enable its directors to understand their responsibilities and obligations as directors.

Premium Listing Principle 2

A listed company must act with integrity towards the holders and potential holders of its premium listedsecurities5.

Premium Listing Principle 3

All equity shares in a class that has been admitted to premium listing must carry an equal number of votes on any shareholder vote. In respect of certificates representing shares that have been admitted to premium listing, all the equity shares of the class which the certificates represent must carry an equal number of votes on any shareholder vote.5

Premium Listing Principle 4

Where a listed company has more than one class of securities admitted5 to premium listing, the aggregate voting rights of the securities5 in each class should be broadly proportionate to the relative interests of those classes in the equity of the listed company.

Premium Listing Principle 5

A listed company must ensure that it treats all holders of the same class of its premium listedsecurities and its5listedequity shares that are in the same position equally in respect of the rights attaching to those premium listedsecurities and5listedequity shares.

Premium Listing Principle 6

A listed company must communicate information to holders and potential holders of its premium listedsecurities and its5listedequity shares in such a way as to avoid the creation or continuation6 of a false market in those premium listedsecurities and5listedequity shares.
LR 7.2.4GRP
3In assessing whether the voting rights attaching to different classes of premium listedsecurities5 are proportionate for the purposes of Premium Listing Principle 4, the FCA will have regard to the following non-exhaustive list of factors:5(1) the extent to which the rights of the classes differ other than their voting rights, for example with regard to dividend rights or entitlement to any surplus capital on winding up;(2) the extent of dispersion and relative liquidity of the