Related provisions for BIPRU 7.6.4
Table: Appropriate PRR calculation for an option or warrant
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.3R
Option type (see BIPRU 7.6.18R) or warrant |
PRR calculation |
American option, European option, Bermudan option, Asian option or warrant for which the in the money percentage (see BIPRU 7.6.6R) is equal to or greater than the appropriate position risk adjustment (see BIPRU 7.6.7R and BIPRU 7.6.8R) |
Calculate either an option PRR, or the most appropriate to the underlying position of:
|
American option, European option, Bermudan option, Asian option or warrant:
|
Calculate an option PRR |
All other types of option listed in BIPRU 7.6.18R (regardless of whether in the money, at the money or out of the money). |
Table: Derived positions
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.9R
Underlying |
Option (or warrant) |
Derived position |
Option (warrant) on a single equity or option on a future/forward on a single equity |
A notional position in the actual equity underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the equity. |
|
Option (warrant) on a basket of equities or option on a future/forward on a basket of equities |
A notional position in the actual equities underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the equities. |
|
Option (warrant) on an equity index or option on a future/forward on an equity index |
A notional position in the index underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the index. |
|
Interest rate |
A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the sum of the time to expiry of the contract and the length of the period on which the settlement amount of the contract is calculated valued at the notional amount of the contract. |
|
A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the length of the swap valued at the notional principal amount. |
||
Interest rate cap or floor |
A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the remaining period of the cap or floor valued at the notional amount of the contract. |
|
Debt securities |
Option (warrant) on a debt security or option on a future/forward on a debt security |
The underlying debt security with a maturity equal to the time to expiry of the option valued as the nominal amount underlying the contract at the current market price of the debt security. |
Option (warrant) on a basket of debt securities or option on a future/forward on a basket of debt securities |
A notional position in the actual debt securities underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the debt securities. |
|
Option (warrant) on an index of debt securities or option on a future/forward on an index of debt securities |
A notional position in the index underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the index. |
|
Option on a commodity or option on a future/forward on a commodity |
An amount equal to the tonnage, barrels or kilos underlying the option with (in the case of a future/forward on a commodity) a maturity equal to the expiry date of the forward or Futures contract underlying the option. In the case of an option on a commodity the maturity of the position falls into Band 1 in the table in BIPRU 7.4.28R (Table: Maturity bands for the maturity ladder approach). |
|
An amount equal to the tonnage, barrels or kilos underlying the option with a maturity equal to the length of the swap valued at the notional principal amount. |
||
(These provisions about CIUs are subject to BIPRU 7.6.35R) |
Option (warrant) on a single CIU or option on a future/forward on a single CIU |
A notional position in the actual CIU underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the CIU. |
Option (warrant) on a basket of CIUs or option on a future/forward on a basket of CIUs |
A notional position in the actual CIUs underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the CIUs. |
|
Gold |
An amount equal to the troy ounces underlying the option with (in the case of a future/forward on gold) a maturity equal to the expiry date of the forward or futures contract underlying the option. |
|
Currency |
Currency option |
The amount of the underlying currency that the firm will receive if the option is exercised converted at the spot rate into the currency that the firm will sell if the option is exercised. |
Table: Option PRR: methods for different types of option
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.16R
Option |
Description |
Method |
American option |
An option that may be exercised at any time over an extended period up to its expiry date. |
Option standard method or option hedging method if appropriate |
European option |
An option that can only be exercised at expiry. |
|
Bermudan option |
A cross between an American option and European option. The Bermudan option can only be exercised at specific dates during its life. |
|
Asian option |
The buyer has the right to exercise at the average rate or price of the underlying over the period (or part of the period) of the option. One variant is where the payout is based on the average of the underlying against a fixed strike price; another variant is where the payout gives at expiry the price of the underlying against the average price over the option period. |
Option standard method or option hedging method if appropriate |
Barrier option |
An option which is either cancelled or activated if the price of the underlying reaches a pre-set level regardless of the price at which the underlying may be trading at the expiry of the option. The knock-out type is cancelled if the underlying price or rate trades through the trigger; while the knock-in becomes activated if the price moves through the trigger. |
|
Corridor option |
Provides the holder with a pay-out for each day that the underlying stays within a defined range chosen by the investor. |
|
Ladder option |
Provides the holder with guaranteed pay-outs if the underlying trades through a pre-agreed price(s) or rate(s) at a certain point(s) in time, regardless of future performance. |
|
Lock-in option |
An option where the pay-out to the holder is locked in at the maximum (or minimum) value of the underlying that occurred during the life of the option. |
|
Look-back option |
A European style option where the strike price is fixed in retrospect, that is at the most favourable price (i.e. the lowest (highest) price of the underlying in the case of a call (put)) during the life of the option. |
|
Forward starting option |
An option that starts at a future date. |
|
Compound option |
An option where the underlying is itself an option (i.e. an option on an option). |
Option standard method or option hedging method if appropriate |
Interest rate cap |
An interest rate option or series of options under which a counterparty contracts to pay any interest costs arising as a result of an increase in rates above an agreed rate: the effect being to provide protection to the holder against a rise above that agreed interest rate. |
Option standard method, but no reduction for the amount the option is out of the money is permitted |
Interest rate floor |
An interest rate option or series of options under which a counterparty contracts to pay any lost income arising as a result of a fall in rates below an agreed rate: the effect being to provide protection to the holder against a fall below that agreed interest rate. |
|
Performance option |
An option based on a reference basket comprising any number of assets, where the pay-out to the holder could be one of the following: the maximum of the worst performing asset, or 0; the maximum of the best performing asset, or 0; the maximum of the spreads between several pairs of the assets, or 0. |
Option standard method or option hedging method - using the highest position risk adjustment of the individual assets in the basket |
Quanto |
Quanto stands for "Quantity Adjusted Option". A quanto is an instrument where two currencies are involved. The payoff is dependent on a variable that is measured in one of the currencies and the payoff is made in the other currency. |
Subject to BIPRU 7.6.31R, the option standard method |
Cliquet option |
A cliquet option consists of a series of forward starting options where the strike price for the next exercise date is set equal to a positive constant times the underlying price as of the previous exercise date. It initially acts like a vanilla option with a fixed price but as time moves on, the strike is reset and the intrinsic value automatically locked in at pre-set dates. If the underlying price is below the previous level at the reset date no intrinsic value is locked in but the strike price will be reset to the current price attained by the underlying. If the underlying price exceeds the current level at the next reset the intrinsic value will again be locked in. |
Option standard method for a purchased cliquet, or the method specified in BIPRU 7.6.30R for a written cliquet |
Digital option |
A type of option where the pay-out to the holder is fixed. The most common types are all-or-nothing and one-touch options. All-or-nothing will pay out the fixed amount if the underlying is above (call) or below (put) a set value at expiry. The one-touch will pay the fixed amount if the underlying reaches a fixed point any time before expiry. |
The method specified in BIPRU 7.6.29 R |
The method specified for the type of instrument whose description it most closely resembles. |
Table: Appropriate treatment for equities, debt securities or currencies hedging options
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.24R
Hedge |
PRR calculation for the hedge |
Limits (if hedging method is used) |
Naked position |
The equity must be treated in either BIPRU 7.3 (equity PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R) |
The option hedging method must only be used up to the amount of the hedge that matches the notional amount underlying the option or warrant |
To the extent that the amount of the hedge (or option or warrant) exceeds the notional amount underlying the option or warrant (or hedge), a firm must apply an equity PRR, interest rate PRR or foreign currencyPRR (or the option standard method) |
|
The debt security must be treated in BIPRU 7.2 (interest rate PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R) |
As for the first row |
As for the first row |
|
Gold (hedging a gold option) |
The gold must be treated in either BIPRU 7.5 (Foreign currency PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R) |
As for the first row |
As for the first row |
A currency or currencies (hedging a currency option) |
The currency must be treated in either BIPRU 7.5 (Foreign currency PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.28R) |
As for the first row |
As for the first row |
Table: The hedging method of calculating the PRR (equities, debt securities and gold)
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.24R(1) - (3)
PRR |
||||
In the money by more than the position risk adjustment |
In the money by less than the position risk adjustment |
|||
Long in security or gold |
Long put |
Zero |
Wp |
X |
Short call |
Y |
Y |
Z |
|
Short in security or gold |
Long call |
Zero |
Wc |
X |
Short put |
Y |
Y |
Z |
|
Where: |
||||
Wp means |
{(position risk adjustment-100%) x The underlying position valued at strike price} |
+ |
The market value of the underlying position |
|
Wc means |
{(100% +position risk adjustment x The underlying position valued at strike price} |
- |
The market value of the underlying position |
|
X means |
The market value of the underlying position multiplied by the appropriate position risk adjustment |
|||
Y means |
The market value of the underlying position multiplied by the appropriate position risk adjustment. This result may be reduced by the market value of the option or warrant, subject to a maximum reduction to zero. |
|||
Z means |
The option hedging method is not permitted; the option standard method must be used. |
Table: instruments which result in notional foreign currency positions
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.5.3R(6).
Instruments |
See |
Foreign currencyfutures, forwards, synthetic futures and CFDs |
|
Foreign currency options or warrants (unless the firm calculates a PRR on the option or warrant under BIPRU 7.6 (Option PRR)). |
|
Gold futures, forwards, synthetic futures and CFDs |
|
Gold options (unless the firm calculates a PRR on the option under BIPRU 7.6). |
|
Table: Instruments which result in notional positions
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.3.2R(2)
Instrument |
See |
|
Depository receipts |
||
Convertibles where: |
(a) the convertible is trading at a market price of less than 110% of the underlying equity; and the first date at which conversion can take place is less than three months ahead, or the next such date (where the first has passed) is less than a year ahead; or |
|
(b) the conditions in (a) are not met but the firm includes the convertible in its equity PRR calculation rather than including it in its interest rate PRR calculation set out in BIPRU 7.2 (Interest rate PRR). |
||
Futures, forwards, CFDs and synthetic futures on a single equity |
||
Futures, forwards, CFDs and synthetic futures on a basket of equities or equity index |
||
Options or warrants on a single equity, an equityfuture, a basket of equities or an equity index (unless the firm calculates a PRR on the option or warrant under BIPRU 7.6). |
Table: Instruments which result in notional positions
This table belongs to BIPRU 7.2.3R(2)
Instrument |
See |
Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on debt securities |
|
Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on debt indices or baskets |
|
Interest rate futures or forward rate agreements (FRAs) |
|
Interest rate swaps or foreign currencyswaps |
|
Deferred start interest rate swaps or foreign currencyswaps |
|
The interest rate leg of an equityswap (unless the firm calculates the interest rate PRR on the instrument using the basic interest rate PRR calculation in BIPRU 7.3 (Equity PRR and basic interest rate PRR for equity derivatives)) |
|
The cash leg of a repurchase agreement or a reverse repurchase agreement |
|
Cash borrowings or deposits |
|
Options on a debt security, a basket of debt securities, a debt security index, an interest rate or an interest rate future or swap (including an option on a future on a debt security) (unless the firm calculates a PRR on the option under BIPRU 7.6 (Option PRR)) |
|
Dual currency bonds |
|
Forwards, futures or options (except cliquets) on an equity, basket of equities or equity index (unless the firm calculates the interest rate PRR on the instrument using the basic interest rate PRR calculation in BIPRU 7.3) |
|
Credit derivatives |
|
Table Controlled investments
1. |
A deposit. |
2. |
Rights under a contract of insurance. |
3. |
Shares etc. |
4 |
Instruments creating or acknowledging indebtedness (referred to in the Glossary as debentures and alternative debentures).9 |
5. |
Government and public securities. |
6. |
Instruments giving entitlement to investments (referred to in the Glossary as warrants). |
7. |
Certificates representing certain securities. |
8. |
Units in a collective investment scheme. |
9. |
Rights under a stakeholder pension scheme or a personal pension scheme2. |
10. |
Options. |
11. |
Futures. |
12. |
Contracts for differences etc. |
1112A. |
Emission allowances |
13. |
Lloyd's syndicate capacity and syndicate membership. |
14. |
Funeral plan contracts |
15. |
Agreements for qualifying credit |
316. |
Rights under a home reversion plan. |
317. |
Rights under a home purchase plan. |
717A. |
Rights under a regulated sale and rent back agreement 10 |
1017B. |
Rights under a relevant credit agreement (including rights under a paragraph 4C agreement) |
1017C. |
Rights under a consumer hire agreement |
18.3 3 |
Rights to or interests in anything falling under 1 to 143 above. 3 |
Table Application of Exemptions to Forms of Promotions
Financial Promotion Order |
Applies to |
|||
Article No. |
Title and PERG 8 reference (where applicable) |
Unsolicited real time |
Solicited real time |
Non-real time (solicited or unsolicited) |
12 |
Communications to overseas recipients (8.12.2G) |
*1 |
* |
* |
13 |
Communications from customers and potential customers (8.12.9G) |
* |
* |
* |
14 |
Follow up non-real time communications and solicited real time communications (8.12.10G) |
* |
* |
|
15 |
Introductions (8.12.11G) |
* |
* |
*1 |
16 |
Exempt persons (8.12.12G) |
*2 |
*3 |
*3 |
17 |
Generic promotions (8.12.14G and 8.21.4G) |
* |
* |
* |
17A1 |
Communications caused to be made or directed by unauthorised persons (8.6.7AG) |
* |
* |
* |
18 |
Mere conduits (8.12.18G) |
* |
* |
* |
18A |
Outgoing electronic commerce communications: mere conduits, caching and hosting (8.12.18G)1 |
* |
* |
* |
19 |
Investment professionals (8.12.21G and 8.21.5G) |
* |
* |
* |
20 |
Communications by journalists (8.12.23G) |
* |
||
20A |
Promotion broadcast by company director etc (8.12.23G and 8.21.6G) |
* |
* |
* |
22 |
Deposits : non-real time communications (8.13) |
* |
||
23 |
Deposits : real time communications (8.13) |
* |
* |
|
24 |
Relevant insurance activity : non-real time communications (8.13) |
* |
||
25 |
Relevant insurance activity : non-real time communications : reinsurance and large risks (8.13) |
* |
||
26 |
Relevant insurance activity : real time communications (8.13) |
* |
* |
|
28 |
One-off non-real time communications and solicited real time communications (8.14.3G) |
* |
* |
|
28A |
One-off unsolicited real time communications (8.14.11G) |
* |
||
28B1 |
Real time communications: introductions in connection with qualifying credit (8.17.12G) |
* |
* |
|
29 |
Communications required or authorised by enactments |
* |
* |
* |
30 |
Overseas communicators: solicited real time communications (8.14.15G) |
* |
||
31 |
Overseas communicators: non-real time communications to previously overseas customers (8.14.17G) |
* |
||
32 |
Overseas communicators: unsolicited real time communications to previously overseas customers (8.14.16G) |
* |
||
33 |
Overseas communicators: unsolicited real time communications to knowledgeable customers (8.14.16G) |
* |
||
34 |
Governments, central banks etc |
* |
* |
|
35 |
Industrial and provident societies |
* |
* |
|
37 |
Financial markets |
* |
* |
|
38 |
Persons in the business of placing promotional material |
* |
* |
* |
39 |
Joint enterprises (8.14.19G) |
* |
* |
* |
40 |
Participants in certain recognised collective investment schemes |
* |
* |
|
41 |
Bearer instruments: promotions required or permitted by market rules (8.14.42G) |
* |
* |
|
42 |
Bearer instruments: promotions to existing holders (8.14.42G) |
* |
* |
|
43 |
Members and creditors of certain bodies corporate (8.14.41G and 8.21.8G) |
* |
* |
|
44 |
Members and creditors of open-ended investment companies |
* |
* |
|
45 |
Group companies |
* |
* |
* |
46 |
Qualifying credit to bodies corporate (8.17.10G)1 |
* |
* |
*10 |
1046A |
Promotions of credit etc. for business purposes (8.17-A.10G) |
* |
* |
* |
47 |
Persons in the business of disseminating information (8.21.10G) |
* |
* |
* |
48 |
Certified high net worth individuals (8.14.21G) |
* |
* |
|
49 |
High net worth companies, unincorporated associations etc (8.14.25G) |
* |
* |
* |
50 |
Sophisticated investors (8.14.27G) |
* |
* |
* |
50A |
Self-certified sophisticated investors {8.14.28AG) |
*5 |
* |
* |
51 |
Associations of high net worth or sophisticated investors (8.14.29G) |
* |
* |
|
52 |
Common interest group of a company (8.14.30G) |
* |
* |
|
53 |
Settlors, trustees and personal representatives |
* |
* |
* |
54 |
Beneficiaries of trust, will or intestacy |
* |
* |
* |
55 |
Communications by members of professions (8.15.1G) |
* |
* |
|
55A |
Non-real time communication by members of the professions. (8.15.5G) |
* |
||
56 |
Remedy following report by Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration |
* |
* |
* |
57 |
Persons placing promotional material in particular publications |
* |
* |
* |
58 |
Acquisition of interest in premises run by management companies |
* |
* |
|
59 |
Annual accounts and directors' report (8.21.11G) |
* |
* |
* |
60 |
Participation in employee shares schemes |
* |
* |
* |
61 |
Sale of goods and supply of services |
* |
* |
|
62 |
Sale of body corporate (8.14.35G) |
* |
* |
* |
64 |
Takeovers of relevant unlisted companies |
* |
* |
* |
65 |
Takeovers of relevant unlisted companies: warrants etc |
* |
* |
* |
66 |
Takeovers of relevant unlisted companies: application forms |
* |
* |
* |
67 |
Promotions required or permitted by market rules (8.21.13G) |
* |
* |
|
68 |
Promotions in connection with admission to certain EEA markets (8.21.16G) |
* |
* |
|
69 |
Promotions of securities already admitted to certain markets (8.21.17G) |
* |
*1 |
|
701 |
Promotions included in listing particulars etc (8.21.20G)1 |
*1 |
||
711 |
Material relating to prospectus for public offer of unlisted securities |
*1 |
||
721 |
Pension products offered by employers (8.14.40AG8) |
* |
* |
* |
872A |
Pension product offers communicated to employees by third parties (8.14.40AAG) |
* |
* |
* |
872B |
Insurance product offers communicated to employees by employers (8.14.40ABG) |
* |
* |
* |
872C |
Insurance products offers communicated to employees by third parties (8.14.40ACG) |
* |
* |
* |
872D |
Staff mortgage offers communicated to employees by employers (8.14.40ADG) |
* |
* |
* |
872E |
Staff mortgage offers communicated to employees by third parties (8.14.40AEG) |
* |
* |
*10 |
1072F |
Credit agreements offered to employees by employers |
* |
* |
* |
731 |
Advice centres (8.14.40B) |
* |
* |
* |
1 in limited circumstances only – see article 12(2) of the Financial Promotion Order |
||||
2 for the purpose of article 16 (2) only |
||||
3 for the purpose of article 16 (1) only1 |
This table belongs to COLL 5.1.2G (2).
Scheme investments and investment techniques |
Limits for UCITS schemes |
Limits for non-UCITS retail schemes |
||
Permissible investment |
Maximum limit |
Permissible investment |
Maximum limit |
|
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Transferable securities that are not approved securities |
Yes |
10% |
Yes |
20% |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Regulated schemes other than qualified investor schemes1 and long-term asset funds5 |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
Unregulated schemes, qualified investor schemes, and long-term asset funds5 1 |
No |
N/A |
Yes |
|
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Immovables (i.e real property) |
No |
N/A |
Yes |
None |
Gold |
No |
N/A |
Yes |
10% |
Hedging |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
|
Underwriting |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
Borrowing |
Yes |
10% (T) |
Yes |
10% |
Cash and near cash |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
None |
Note: |
Meaning of terms used: |
|||
A percentage |
an upper limit (though there may be limits of other kinds). |
|||
"(T)" |
temporary only- see COLL 5.5.4R(4) |
|||
"N/A" |
Not applicable1 |
|||
1“(C)” |
In the case of a non-UCITS retail scheme operating as a FAIF there is no maximum limit - see COLL 5.7.7 R. |
|||
5“(D)” |
The second scheme would also need to meet the applicable requirements specified in the rules. |