Related provisions for BIPRU 7.2.15

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BIPRU 7.2.1RRP
(1) A firm must calculate its interest rate PRR under BIPRU 7.2 by:(a) identifying which positions must be included within the interest rate PRR calculation;(b) deriving the net position in each debt security in accordance with BIPRU 7.2.36R-BIPRU 7.2.41R;(c) including these net positions in the interest rate PRR calculation for general market risk and the interest rate PRR calculation for specific risk; and(d) summing all PRRs calculated for general market risk and specific risk.(2)
BIPRU 7.2.2GRP
The interest rate PRR calculation divides the interest rate risk into the risk of loss from a general move in market interest rates, and the risk of loss from an individual debt security's price changing for reasons other than a general move in market interest rates. These are called general market risk and specific risk respectively.
BIPRU 7.2.3RRP
A firm's interest rate PRR calculation must:(1) include all trading bookpositions in debt securities, preference shares and convertibles, except:(a) positions in convertibles which have been included in the firm'sequity PRR calculation;(b) positions fully deducted as a material holding under the calculations under the capital resources table, in which case the firm may exclude them; or(c) positions hedging an option which is being treated under BIPRU 7.6.26R (Table: Appropriate
BIPRU 7.2.4RRP

Table: Instruments which result in notional positions

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.2.3R(2)

Instrument

See

Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on debt securities

BIPRU 7.2.13 R

Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on debt indices or baskets

BIPRU 7.2.14R

Interest rate futures or forward rate agreements (FRAs)

BIPRU 7.2.18 R

Interest rate swaps or foreign currencyswaps

BIPRU 7.2.21R

Deferred start interest rate swaps or foreign currencyswaps

BIPRU 7.2.24R

The interest rate leg of an equityswap (unless the firm calculates the interest rate PRR on the instrument using the basic interest rate PRR calculation in BIPRU 7.3 (Equity PRR and basic interest rate PRR for equity derivatives))

BIPRU 7.2.27R

The cash leg of a repurchase agreement or a reverse repurchase agreement

BIPRU 7.2.30R

Cash borrowings or deposits

BIPRU 7.2.31 R

Options on a debt security, a basket of debt securities, a debt security index, an interest rate or an interest rate future or swap (including an option on a future on a debt security) (unless the firm calculates a PRR on the option under BIPRU 7.6 (Option PRR))

BIPRU 7.2.32R

Dual currency bonds

BIPRU 7.2.33R

Foreign currency futures or forwards

BIPRU 7.2.34R

Gold futures or forwards

BIPRU 7.2.34R

Forwards, futures or options (except cliquets) on an equity, basket of equities or equity index (unless the firm calculates the interest rate PRR on the instrument using the basic interest rate PRR calculation in BIPRU 7.3)

BIPRU 7.2.34R

Credit derivatives

BIPRU 7.11

A warrant must be treated in the same way as an option
BIPRU 7.2.5GRP
BIPRU 7.2.3R(1) includes a trading bookposition in debt security, preference share or convertible that is subsequently repo'd under a repurchase agreement or lent under a stock lending agreement. Clearly, if the security had initially been obtained via a reverse repurchase agreement or stock borrowing agreement, the security would not have been included in the PRR calculation in the first place.
BIPRU 7.2.6GRP
BIPRU 7.2.3R(1) includes net underwriting positions or reduced net underwriting position in debt securities.
BIPRU 7.2.7GRP
Firms are reminded that the table in BIPRU 7.6.5R (Table: Appropriate PRR calculation for an option or warrant) divides options and warrants on interest rates, debt securities and interest rate futures and swaps into:(1) those which must be treated under BIPRU 7.6 (Option PRR); and(2) those which must be treated under either BIPRU 7.2 or BIPRU 7.6, the firm being able to choose whether BIPRU 7.2 or BIPRU 7.6 is used.
BIPRU 7.2.10GRP
BIPRU 7.2.11 R - BIPRU 7.2.35R convert the instruments listed in the table in BIPRU 7.2.4R into notional positions in:(1) the underlying debt security, where the instrument depends on the price (or yield) of a specific debt security; or(2) notional debt securities to capture the pure interest rate risk arising from future payments and receipts of cash (including notional payments and receipts) which, because they are designed to represent pure general market risk (and not specific
BIPRU 7.2.11RRP
(1) For the purposes of calculating interest rate PRR, unless specified otherwise, a firm must derive the value of notional positions as follows:(a) notional positions in actual debt securities must be valued as the nominal amount underlying the contract at the current market price of the debt security; and(b) positions in zero-specific-risk securities must be valued using one of the two methods in (2).(2) A firm must use one of the following two methods for all positions arising
BIPRU 7.2.13RRP
Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on a single debt security must be treated as follows:(1) a purchased future, synthetic future or forward is treated as:(a) a notional long position in the underlying debt security (or the cheapest to deliver (taking into account the conversion factor) where the contract can be satisfied by delivery of one from a range of securities); and(b) a notional short position in a zero coupon zero-specific-risk security with a maturity equal to the
BIPRU 7.2.14RRP
Futures, forwards or synthetic futures on a basket or index of debt securities must be converted into forwards on single debt securities as follows (and then the resulting positions must be treated under BIPRU 7.2.13R):(1) futures, synthetic futures or forwards on a single currency basket or index of debt securities must be treated as either:(a) a series of forwards, one for each of the constituent debt securities in the basket or index, of an amount which is a proportionate
BIPRU 7.2.16RRP
The notional debt securities in BIPRU 7.2.14R are assigned a specific risk position risk adjustment and a general market risk position risk adjustment equal to the highest that would apply to the debt securities in the basket or index.
BIPRU 7.2.17GRP
The debt security with the highest specific risk position risk adjustment within the basket might not be the same as the one with the highest general market risk position risk adjustment. BIPRU 7.2.16R requires a firm to select the highest percentages even where they relate to different debt securities in the basket or index, and regardless of the proportion of those debt securities in the basket or index.
BIPRU 7.2.20GRP
(1) The following example illustrates BIPRU 7.2.18R and BIPRU 7.2.19R in conjunction with BIPRU 7.2.11R (the last rule determines the value of notional positions). A firm sells £1mn notional of a 3v6 FRA at 6%. This results in:(a) a short position in a zero-specific-risk security with a zero coupon, three month maturity, and a nominal amount of £1million; and(b) a long position in a zero-specific-risk security with a zero coupon, six month maturity, and nominal amount of £1,015,000
BIPRU 7.2.22RRP

Table: Interest rate and foreign currency swaps

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.2.21R

Paying leg (which must be treated as a short position in a zero-specific-risk security)

Receiving leg (which must be treated as a long position in a zero-specific-risk security)

Receiving fixed and paying floating

Coupon equals the floating rate and maturity equals the reset date

Coupon equals the fixed rate of the swap and maturity equals the maturity of the swap

Paying fixed and receiving floating

Coupon equals the fixed rate of the swap and maturity equals the maturity of the swap

Coupon equals the floating rate and maturity equals the reset date

Paying floating and receiving floating

Coupon equals the floating rate and maturity equals the reset date

Coupon equals the floating rate and maturity equals the reset date
BIPRU 7.2.23GRP
For a foreign currencyswap, the two notional zero-specific-risk securities would be denominated in different currencies. A foreign currencyswap is also included in the foreign currency PRR1 calculation.
BIPRU 7.2.25RRP

Table: Deferred start interest rate and foreign currency swaps

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.2.24R

Paying leg (which must be treated as a short position in a zero-specific-risk security with a coupon equal to the fixed rate of the swap)

Receiving leg (which must be treated as a long position in a zero-specific-risk security with a coupon equal to the fixed rate of the swap)

Receiving fixed and paying floating

maturity equals the start date of the swap

maturity equals the maturity of the swap

Paying fixed and receiving floating

maturity equals the maturity of the swap

maturity equals the start date of the swap
BIPRU 7.2.27RRP
A firm must treat a swap with only one interest rate leg as a notional position in a zero-specific-risk security:(1) with a coupon equal to that on the interest rate leg;(2) with a maturity equal to the date that the interest rate will be reset; and(3) which is a long position if the firm is receiving interest payments and short if making interest payments.
BIPRU 7.2.30RRP
The forward cash leg of a repurchase agreement or reverse repurchase agreement must be treated as a notional position in a zero-specific-risk security which:(1) is a short notional position in the case of a repurchase agreement; and a long notional position in the case of a reverse repurchase agreement;(2) has a value equal to the market value of the cash leg;(3) has a maturity equal to that of the repurchase agreement or reverse repurchase agreement; and(4) has a coupon equal
BIPRU 7.2.31RRP
A cash borrowing or deposit must be treated as a notional position in a zero coupon zero-specific-risk security which:(1) is a short position in the case of a borrowing and a long position in the case of a deposit;(2) has a value equal to the market value of the borrowing or deposit;(3) has a maturity equal to that of the borrowing or deposit, or the next date the interest rate is reset (if earlier); and(4) has a coupon equal to:(a) zero, if the next interest payment date coincides
BIPRU 7.2.32RRP
(1) Where included in the PRR calculation in BIPRU 7.2 (see the table in BIPRU 7.2.4R), options and warrants must be treated in accordance with this rule.(2) An option or warrant on a debt security, a basket of debt securities or a debt security index must be treated as a position in that debt security, basket or index.(3) An option on an interest rate must be treated as a position in a zero coupon zero-specific-risk security with a maturity equal to the sum of the time to expiry
BIPRU 7.2.33RRP
Where a debt security pays coupons in one currency, but will be redeemed in a different currency, it must be treated as:(1) a debt security denominated in the coupon's currency; and(2) a foreign currencyforward to capture the fact that the debt security's principal will be repaid in a different currency from that in which it pays coupons, specifically:(a) a notional forward sale of the coupon currency and purchase of the redemption currency, in the case of a long position in the
BIPRU 7.2.34RRP
Other futures, forwards, options and swaps treated under BIPRU 7.2 must be treated as positions in zero-specific-risk securities, each of which:(1) has a zero coupon;(2) has a maturity equal to that of the relevant contract; and(3) is long or short according to the table in BIPRU 7.2.35R.
BIPRU 7.2.36RRP
The net position in a debt security is the difference between the value of the firm's long positions (including notional positions) and the value of its short positions (including notional positions) in the same debt security.
BIPRU 7.2.37RRP
(1) A firm must not net positions (including notional positions) unless those positions are in the same debt security. This rule sets out the circumstances in which debt securities may be treated as the same for these purposes.(2) Subject to (3) long and short positions are in the same debt security, and a debt security is the same as another if and only if:(a) they enjoy the same rights in all respects; and(b) are fungible with each other.(3) Long and short positions in different
BIPRU 7.2.38RRP
A firm may net a short notional position in the cheapest to deliver security arising from a short future or forward (see BIPRU 7.2.13R(2)(a)) under which the seller has a choice of which debt security it may use to settle its obligations against a long position in any deliverable security up to a maximum of 90% of the common nominal amounts. The residual long and short nominal amounts must be treated as separate long and short positions.
BIPRU 7.2.40RRP
A firm may net a notional long position in a zero-specific-risk security against a notional short position in a zero-specific-risk security if:(1) they are denominated in the same currency;(2) their coupons do not differ by more than 15 basis points; and(3) they mature:(a) on the same day, if they have residual maturities of less than one month;(b) within 7 days of each other, if they have residual maturities of between one month and one year; and(c) within 30 days of each other,
BIPRU 7.2.41RRP
A firm must not net a reduced net underwriting position in a debt security with any other debt securityposition.
BIPRU 7.2.43RRP
(1) A firm must calculate the specific risk portion of the interest rate PRR for each debt security by multiplying the market value of the individual net position (ignoring the sign) by the appropriate position risk adjustment from the table in BIPRU 7.2.44R or as specified by BIPRU 7.2.45R - BIPRU 7.2.48L R or by BIPRU 7.11.13 R - BIPRU 7.11.17 R.33(2) Notional positions in zero-specific-risk securities do not attract specific risk.(3) For the purpose of (1), a firm may cap the
BIPRU 7.2.44RRP

Table: specific risk position risk adjustments

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.2.43R.

Issuer

Residual maturity

Position risk adjustment

Debt securities issued or guaranteed by central governments, issued by central banks, international organisations, multilateral development banks or EEA States' regional governments or local authorities which would qualify for credit quality step 1 or which would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach to credit risk.

Any

0%

(A) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by central governments, issued by central banks, international organisations, multilateral development banks or EEA States' regional governments or local authorities which would qualify for credit quality step 2 or 3 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(B) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by institutions which would qualify for credit quality step 1 or 2 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(C) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by institution which would qualify for credit quality step 3 under BIPRU 3.4.34 R (Exposures to institutions: Credit assessment based method) or which would do so if it had an original effective maturity of three months or less.

(D) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by corporates which would qualify for credit quality step 1, 2 or 32 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(E) Other qualifying debt securities (see BIPRU 7.2.49R)

2

Zero to six months

0.25%

over 6 and up to and including 24 months

1%

Over 24 months

1.6%

(A) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by central governments, issued by central banks, international organisations, multilateral development banks or EEA States' regional governments or local authorities or institutions which would qualify for credit quality step 4 or 5 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(B) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by corporates which would qualify for credit quality step 4 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(C) Exposures for which a credit assessment by a nominated ECAI is not available.

2

Any

8%

(A) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by central governments, issued by central banks, international organisations, multilateral development banks or EEA States' regional governments or local authorities or institution which would qualify for credit quality step 6 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(B) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by corporate which would qualify for credit quality step 5 or 6 under the standardised approach to credit risk.

(C) An instrument that shows a particular risk because of the insufficient solvency of the issuer of liquidity. This paragraph applies even if the instrument would otherwise qualify for a lower position risk adjustment under this table.

Any

12%

Note: The question of what a corporate is and of what category a debt security falls into must be decided under the rules relating to the standardised approach to credit risk.

[Note:CAD Annex I point 14 Table 1]2

BIPRU 7.2.46RRP
A debt security issued by a non-qualifying issuer must receive a specific risk position risk adjustment of 8% or 12% according to the table in BIPRU 7.2.44R. However a firm must apply a higher specific risk position risk adjustment to such a debt security and/or not recognise offsetting for the purposes of defining the extent of general market risk between such a security and any other debt securities to the extent that doing otherwise would not be a prudent treatment of specific
BIPRU 7.2.46AGRP
3BIPRU 7.2.43 R includes both actual and notional positions. However, notional positions in a zero-specific-risk security do not attract specific risk. For example:(1) interest-rate swaps, foreign-currency swaps, FRAs, interest-rate futures, foreign-currencyforwards, foreign-currencyfutures, and the cash leg of repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements create notional positions which will not attract specific risk; while(2) futures, forwards and swaps which are based
BIPRU 7.2.49RRP
A debt security is a qualifying debt security if:(1) it qualifies for a credit quality step under the standardised approach to credit risk corresponding at least to investment grade; or(2) it has a PD which, because of the solvency of the issuer, is not higher than that of the debt securities referred to under (1) under the IRB approach; or(3) it is a debt security for which a credit assessment by a nominated ECAI is unavailable and which meets the following conditions:(a) it
BIPRU 7.2.50RRP
A firm must not treat a debt security as a qualifying debt security if it would be prudent to consider that the debt security concerned is subject to too high a degree of specific risk for it to be treated as a qualifying debt security.
BIPRU 7.2.51GRP
The manner in which a firm assesses a debt security for the purpose of treatment as a qualifying debt security will be subject to scrutiny by the appropriate regulator. The appropriate regulator may take action to overturn the firm's judgement if it considers that the debt security should not be treated as a qualifying debt security.
BIPRU 7.2.60GRP
The table in BIPRU 7.2.57R distinguishes between debt securities with a coupon of less than 3% and those with coupon in excess of 3%. However, this does not mean that the firm has to do a separate general market risk calculation for each; it merely ensures that when allocating debt securities to a particular band, their coupons are taken into account as well as their maturities. So for example, a 21 year 6% debt security falls into the same band as an 11 year 2% debt security.
BIPRU 7.2.63RRP
(1) A firm must use the following formula to calculate modified duration for the purpose of the interest rate duration method: (2) (3) For the purpose of the formulae in (1) and (2):(a) Ct=cash payment at time t(b) m=total maturity(c) r=yield to maturity. In the case of a fixed-rate debt security a firm must take the current mark to market of the debt security and thence calculate its yield to maturity, which is the implied discount rate for that instrument. In the case of a floating
BIPRU 5.4.2RRP
The following financial items may be recognised as eligible collateral under all approaches and methods:(1) cash on deposit with, or cash assimilated instruments held by, the lending firm;(2) debt securities issued by central governments or central banks which securities have a credit assessment by an eligible ECAI or export credit agency recognised as eligible for the purposes of the standardised approach, which is associated with credit quality step 4 or above under the rules
BIPRU 5.4.3RRP
For the purposes of BIPRU 5.4.2 R (2), ‘debt securities issued by central governments or central banks' include –(1) debt securities issued by regional governments or local authorities exposures to which are treated as exposures to the central government in whose jurisdiction they are established under the standardised approach;(2) debt securities issued by public sector entities which are treated as exposures to central governments in accordance with BIPRU 3.4.24 R;(3) debt securities
BIPRU 5.4.4RRP
For the purposes of BIPRU 5.4.2 R (3), ‘debt securities issued by institutions’ include:(1) debt securities issued by regional governments or local authorities other than those exposures to which are treated as exposures to the central government in whose jurisdiction they are established under the standardised approach;(2) debt securities issued by public sector entities, exposures to which are treated as exposures to a credit institution under the standardised approach;(3) debt
BIPRU 5.4.5RRP
Debt securities issued by institutions which securities do not have a credit assessment by an eligible ECAI may be recognised as eligible collateral if they fulfil the following criteria:(1) they are listed on a recognised investment exchange or a designated investment exchange;(2) they qualify as senior debt;(3) all other rated issues by the issuing institution of the same seniority have a credit assessment by an eligible ECAI associated with credit quality step 3 or above under
BIPRU 5.4.20RRP
A risk weight of 0% must, to the extent of the collateralisation, be assigned to the exposure values determined under BIPRU 13 for financial derivative instruments and subject to daily marking-to-market, collateralised by cash or cash assimilated instruments where there is no currency mismatch. A risk weight of 10% must be assigned to the extent of the collateralisation to the exposure values of such transactions collateralised by debt securities issued by central governments
BIPRU 5.4.21RRP
A 0% risk weight may be assigned where the exposure and the collateral are denominated in the same currency, and either:(1) the collateral is cash on deposit or a cash assimilated instrument; or(2) the collateral is in the form of debt securities issued by central governments or central banks eligible for a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach, and its market value has been discounted by 20%.[Note:BCD Annex VIII Part 3 point 29]
BIPRU 5.4.22RRP
For the purposes of BIPRU 5.4.20 R and BIPRU 5.4.21 R ‘debt securities issued by central governments or central banks' must include:(1) debt securities issued by regional governments or local authorities exposures to which are treated as exposures to the central government in whose jurisdiction they are established under the standardised approach;(2) debt securities issued by multilateral development banks to which a 0% risk weight is assigned under or by virtue of the standardised
BIPRU 5.4.35RRP

This table belongs to BIPRU 5.4.34 R.

Credit quality step with which the credit assessment of the debt security is associated

Residual Maturity

Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in BIPRU 5.4.2 R (2)

Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in BIPRU 5.4.2 R (3) and (4)

20 day liquidation period (%)

10 day liquidation period (%)

5 day liquidation period (%)

20 day liquidation period (%)

10 day liquidation period (%)

5 day liquidation period (%)

1

≤ 1 year

0.707

0.5

0.354

1.414

1

0.707

> 1 ≤ 5 years2

2.828

2

1.414

5.657

4

2.828

> 5 years

5.657

4

2.828

11.314

8

5.657

2–3

≤ 1 year

1.414

1

0.707

2.828

2

1.414

> 1 ≤ 5 years

4.243

3

2.121

8.485

6

4.243

> 5 years

8.485

6

4.243

16.971

12

8.485

4

≤ 1 year

21.213

15

10.607

N/A

N/A

N/A

> 1 ≤ 5 years

21.213

15

10.607

N/A

N/A

N/A

> 5 years

21.213

15

10.607

N/A

N/A

N/A
BIPRU 5.4.36RRP

This table belongs to BIPRU 5.4.34 R.

Credit quality step with which the credit assessment of a short term debt security is associated

Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in BIPRU 5.4.2 R (2) with short-term credit assessments

Volatility adjustments for debt securities issued by entities described in BIPRU 5.4.2 R (3) and (4) with short-term credit assessments

20 day liquidation period (%)

10 day liquidation period (%)

5 day liquidation period (%)

20 day liquidation period (%)

10 day liquidation period (%)

5 day liquidation period (%)

1

0.707

0.5

0.354

1.414

1

0.707

2–3

1.414

1

0.707

2.828

2

1.414
BIPRU 5.4.40RRP
In the tables in BIPRU 5.4.35 R – BIPRU 5.4.38 R and in BIPRU 5.4.41 R to BIPRU 5.4.43 R, the credit quality step with which a credit assessment of the debt security is associated is the credit quality step with which the external credit assessment is associated under the standardised approach. For the purposes of this rule, BIPRU 5.4.7 R also applies.[Note:BCD Annex VIII Part 3 point 38]
BIPRU 5.4.43RRP
For unrated debt securities issued by institutions and satisfying the eligibility criteria in BIPRU 5.4.5 R the volatility adjustments are the same as for securities issued by institutions or corporates with an external credit assessment associated with credit quality steps 2 or 3.[Note:BCD Annex VIII Part 3 point 41]
BIPRU 5.4.46RRP
When debt securities have a credit assessment from an eligible ECAI equivalent to investment grade or better, a firm may calculate a volatility estimate for each category of security.[Note:BCD Annex VIII Part 3 point 43]
BIPRU 5.4.48RRP
For debt securities having a credit assessment from an eligible ECAI equivalent to below investment grade and for other eligible collateral the volatility adjustments must be calculated for each individual item.[Note:BCD Annex VIII Part 3 point 45]
BIPRU 5.4.62RRP
In relation to repurchase transaction and securities lending or borrowing transactions, where a firm uses the supervisory volatility adjustments approach or the own estimates of volatility adjustments approach and where the conditions set out in (1) – (8) are satisfied, a firm may, instead of applying the volatility adjustments calculated under BIPRU 5.4.30 R to BIPRU 5.4.61 R, apply a 0% volatility adjustment:(1) both the exposure and the collateral are cash or debt securities
DTR 6.1.1RRP
(1) 1Subject to the exemptions set out in DTR 6.1.16 R - DTR 6.1.19 R this section applies in relation to an issuer whose Home State is the United Kingdom.(2) References to transferable securities, shares and debt securities are to such instruments as are admitted to trading.
DTR 6.1.3RRP
(1) An issuer of shares must ensure equal treatment for all holders of shares who are in the same position. [Note: article 17(1) of the TD](2) An issuer of debt securities must ensure that all holders of debt securities ranking pari passu are given equal treatment in respect of all the rights attaching to those debt securities. [Note: article 18(1) of the TD]
DTR 6.1.4RRP
An issuer of shares or debt securities must ensure that all the facilities and information necessary to enable holders of shares or debt securities to exercise their rights are available in the Home State and that the integrity of data is preserved. [Note: articles 17(2) and 18(2) of the TD]
DTR 6.1.5RRP
(1) Shareholders and debt securities holders must not be prevented from exercising their rights by proxy, subject to the law of the country in which the issuer is incorporated. [Note: articles 17(2) and 18(2) of the TD](2) An issuer of shares or debt securities must make available a proxy form, on paper or, where applicable, by electronic means to each person entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders or a meeting of debt securities holders. [Note: articles 17(2)(b) and 18(2)(b)
DTR 6.1.6RRP
An issuer of shares or debt securities must designate, as its agent, a financial institution through which shareholders or debt securities holders may exercise their financial rights. [Note: articles 17(2)(c) and 18(2)(c) of the TD]
DTR 6.1.7GRP
An issuer of shares or debt securities may use electronic means to convey information to shareholders or debt securities holders. [Note: articles 17(3) and 18(4) of the TD]
DTR 6.1.8RRP
To use electronic means to convey information to holders, an issuer must comply with the following:(1) a decision to use electronic means to convey information to shareholders or debt securities holders must be taken in a general meeting;(2) the use of electronic means must not depend upon the location of the seat or residence of:(a) the shareholder; or(b) persons referred to in rows (a) to (h) of the table set out in DTR 5.2.1 R; or(c) the debt security holder; or(d) a proxy
DTR 6.1.14RRP
An issuer of debt securities must publish notices or distribute circulars concerning:(1) the place, time and agenda of meetings of debt securities holders; (2) the payment of interest;(3) the exercise of any conversion, exchange, subscription or cancellation rights and repayment; and(4) the rights of holders to exercise their rights in relation to paragraphs (1) – (3).[Note: article 18(2)(a) of the TD]
DTR 6.1.15RRP
If only holders of debt securities whose denomination per unit amounts to at least 100,000 euros2 (or an equivalent amount) are to be invited to a meeting, the issuer may choose as a venue any EEA State, provided that all the facilities and information necessary to enable such holders to exercise their rights are made available in that EEA State. [Note: article 18(3) of the TD]2
BIPRU 7.6.3RRP
Except as permitted under BIPRU 7.6.5R, a firm'soption PRR calculation must include:(1) each trading bookposition in an option on an equity, interest rate or debt security;(2) each trading bookposition in a warrant on an equity or debt security;(3) each trading bookposition in a CIU; and(4) each trading book and non-trading bookposition in an option on a commodity, currency or gold.
BIPRU 7.6.5RRP

Table: Appropriate PRR calculation for an option or warrant

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.3R

Option type (see BIPRU 7.6.18R) or warrant

PRR calculation

American option, European option, Bermudan option, Asian option or warrant for which the in the money percentage (see BIPRU 7.6.6R) is equal to or greater than the appropriate position risk adjustment (see BIPRU 7.6.7R and BIPRU 7.6.8R)

Calculate either an option PRR, or the most appropriate to the underlying position of:

American option, European option, Bermudan option, Asian option or warrant:

Calculate an option PRR

All other types of option listed in BIPRU 7.6.18R (regardless of whether in the money, at the money or out of the money).
BIPRU 7.6.8RRP

Table: Appropriate position risk adjustment

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.7R

Underlying position

Appropriate position risk adjustment

Equity

The position risk adjustment applicable to the underlying equity or equity index in the table in BIPRU 7.3.30R (Simplified equity method)

Interest rate

The sum of the specific risk position risk adjustment (see BIPRU 7.2.43R to BIPRU 7.2.51G (Specific risk calculation)) and the general market risk position risk adjustment (as set out in BIPRU 7.2.57R (General market riskposition risk adjustments)) applicable to the underlying position

Debt securities

The sum of the specific risk position risk adjustment (see BIPRU 7.2.43R to BIPRU 7.2.51G (Specific risk calculation)) and the general market risk position risk adjustment (as set out in the table in BIPRU 7.2.57R (General market riskposition risk adjustments)) applicable to the underlying position

Commodity

18% (unless BIPRU 7.6.7R requires otherwise)

Currency

8%

Gold

8%

CIU

32% (subject to BIPRU 7.6.6R and BIPRU 7.6.7R)
BIPRU 7.6.13RRP

Table: Derived positions

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.9R

Underlying

Option (or warrant)

Derived position

Equity

Option (warrant) on a single equity or option on a future/forward on a single equity

A notional position in the actual equity underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the equity.

Option (warrant) on a basket of equities or option on a future/forward on a basket of equities

A notional position in the actual equities underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the equities.

Option (warrant) on an equity index or option on a future/forward on an equity index

A notional position in the index underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the index.

Interest rate

Option on an interest rate or an interest rate future/FRA

A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the sum of the time to expiry of the contract and the length of the period on which the settlement amount of the contract is calculated valued at the notional amount of the contract.

Option on an interest rate swap

A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the length of the swap valued at the notional principal amount.

Interest rate cap or floor

A zero coupon zero-specific-risk security in the currency concerned with a maturity equal to the remaining period of the cap or floor valued at the notional amount of the contract.

Debt securities

Option (warrant) on a debt security or option on a future/forward on a debt security

The underlying debt security with a maturity equal to the time to expiry of the option valued as the nominal amount underlying the contract at the current market price of the debt security.

Option (warrant) on a basket of debt securities or option on a future/forward on a basket of debt securities

A notional position in the actual debt securities underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the debt securities.

Option (warrant) on an index of debt securities or option on a future/forward on an index of debt securities

A notional position in the index underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the index.

Commodity

Option on a commodity or option on a future/forward on a commodity

An amount equal to the tonnage, barrels or kilos underlying the option with (in the case of a future/forward on a commodity) a maturity equal to the expiry date of the forward or Futures contract underlying the option. In the case of an option on a commodity the maturity of the position falls into Band 1 in the table in BIPRU 7.4.28R (Table: Maturity bands for the maturity ladder approach).

Option on a commodityswap

An amount equal to the tonnage, barrels or kilos underlying the option with a maturity equal to the length of the swap valued at the notional principal amount.

CIU

(These provisions about CIUs are subject to BIPRU 7.6.35R)

Option (warrant) on a single CIU or option on a future/forward on a single CIU

A notional position in the actual CIU underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the CIU.

Option (warrant) on a basket of CIUs or option on a future/forward on a basket of CIUs

A notional position in the actual CIUs underlying the contract valued at the current market price of the CIUs.

Gold

Option on gold or option on a future/forward on gold

An amount equal to the troy ounces underlying the option with (in the case of a future/forward on gold) a maturity equal to the expiry date of the forward or futures contract underlying the option.

Currency

Currency option

The amount of the underlying currency that the firm will receive if the option is exercised converted at the spot rate into the currency that the firm will sell if the option is exercised.
BIPRU 7.6.24RRP
Under the option hedging method a firm must calculate the option PRR for individual positions as follows:(1) for an option or warrant on an equity, basket of equities or equity index and its equity hedge(s), the firm must, to the extent specified or permitted in the table in BIPRU 7.6.26R, use the calculation in the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R;(2) for an option or warrant on a debt security, basket of debt securities or debt security index and its debt security hedge(s), the firm must,
BIPRU 7.6.26RRP

Table: Appropriate treatment for equities, debt securities or currencies hedging options

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.24R

Hedge

PRR calculation for the hedge

Limits (if hedging method is used)

Naked position

An equity (hedging an option or warrant)

The equity must be treated in either BIPRU 7.3 (equity PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R)

The option hedging method must only be used up to the amount of the hedge that matches the notional amount underlying the option or warrant

To the extent that the amount of the hedge (or option or warrant) exceeds the notional amount underlying the option or warrant (or hedge), a firm must apply an equity PRR, interest rate PRR or foreign currencyPRR (or the option standard method)

A debt security (hedging an option or warrant)

The debt security must be treated in BIPRU 7.2 (interest rate PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R)

As for the first row

As for the first row

Gold (hedging a gold option)

The gold must be treated in either BIPRU 7.5 (Foreign currency PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.27R)

As for the first row

As for the first row

A currency or currencies (hedging a currency option)

The currency must be treated in either BIPRU 7.5 (Foreign currency PRR) or the option hedging method (see the table in BIPRU 7.6.28R)

As for the first row

As for the first row
BIPRU 7.6.27RRP

Table: The hedging method of calculating the PRR (equities, debt securities and gold)

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.6.24R(1) - (3)

PRR

Option or warrantposition

In the money by more than the position risk adjustment

In the money by less than the position risk adjustment

Out of the money or at the money

Long in security or gold

Long put

Zero

Wp

X

Short call

Y

Y

Z

Short in security or gold

Long call

Zero

Wc

X

Short put

Y

Y

Z

Where:

Wp means

{(position risk adjustment-100%) x The underlying position valued at strike price}

+

The market value of the underlying position

Wc means

{(100% +position risk adjustment x The underlying position valued at strike price}

-

The market value of the underlying position

X means

The market value of the underlying position multiplied by the appropriate position risk adjustment

Y means

The market value of the underlying position multiplied by the appropriate position risk adjustment. This result may be reduced by the market value of the option or warrant, subject to a maximum reduction to zero.

Z means

The option hedging method is not permitted; the option standard method must be used.
LR 3.4.1RRP
LR 3.4.4 R to LR 3.4.6 R1 apply to an applicant that is seeking admission of any of the following types of securities:1(1) debt securities;(2) asset-backed securities;(3) certificates representing certain securities;2(4) [deleted]11(5) convertible securities;21(6) miscellaneous securities; and2(7) preference shares that are specialist securities.2
LR 3.4.2RRP
LR 3.4.7 R1 to LR 3.4.8 R apply to an applicant for the admission of a debt securities or asset-backed securities issuance programme.111
LR 3.4.7RRP
An applicant must comply with LR 3.4.4 R to LR 3.4.6 R with the following modifications:1(1) [deleted]11(2) if the FCA approves the application it will admit to listing all debt securities which may be issued under the programme within 12 months after the publication of the base prospectus or listing particulars subject to the FCA:(a) being advised of the final terms of each issue for which a listing is sought; and1(b) receiving and approving for publication any supplementary
LR 3.4.9RRP
A public sector issuer that seeks admission of debt securities referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Schedule 11A of the Act must submit to the FCA in final form a completed Application for Admission of Securities to the Official List.Note: The Application for Admission of Securities to the Official List form can be found on the UKLA section of the FCA's website.1
LR 3.4.9CGRP
Apart from LR 3.4.9 R, LR 3.4.9A G and LR 3.4.9B G no other provisions in LR 3.4 apply to the admission of debt securities referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Schedule 11A of the Act.
LR 3.4.10RRP
LR 3.4.7 R, LR 3.4.8 R and 1LR 3.4.11 R to LR 3.4.13 R apply to applications for admission to listing of debt securities by a public sector issuer other than one referred to in LR 3.4.9 R.
LR 17.1.1RRP
1This chapter applies to(1) an issuer of any of the following types of securities:(a) debt securities;(b) asset-backed securities;(c) certificates representing debt securities;2(d) specialist securities of the following types:(i) convertible securities which convert to debt securities;(ii) convertible securities which convert to equity securities;2(iii) convertible securities which are exchangeable for securities of another company; and 2(iv) preference shares2
LR 17.1.2GRP
An issuer, as described in LR 17.1.1 R includes:(1) a state monopoly;(2) a state finance organisation;(3) a statutory body; and(4) an OECD state guaranteed issuer.
LR 17.1.3GRP
A state, a regional or local authority or a public international body with listed debt securities should see LR 17.5 for its continuing obligations
BIPRU 7.11.5RRP
A credit default swap does not create a position for general market risk. For the purposes of specific risk, a firm must record a synthetic long position in an obligation of the reference entity, unless the derivative is rated externally and meets the conditions for a qualifying debt security, in which case a long position in the derivative is recorded. If premium or interest payments are due under the product, these cash flows must be represented as notional positions in zero-specific-risk
BIPRU 7.11.6RRP
A single name credit linked note creates a long position in the general market risk of the note itself, as an interest rate product. For the purpose of specific risk, a synthetic long position is created in an obligation of the reference entity. An additional long position is created in the issuer of the note. Where the credit linked note has an external rating and meets the conditions for a qualifying debt security, a single long position with the specific risk of the note need
BIPRU 7.11.8RRP
Where a multiple name credit linked note has an external rating and meets the conditions for a qualifying debt security, a single long position with the specific risk of the note need only be recorded.
BIPRU 7.11.11RRP
Ifan nth-to-default4 derivative is externally rated and meets the conditions for a qualifying debt security, then the protection seller need only calculate one specific risk charge reflecting the rating of the derivative. The specific risk charge must be based on the securitisationPRAs in BIPRU 7.2 as applicable.44
BIPRU 7.11.62GRP
BIPRU 7.11.5 R requires a firm to recognise any premiums payable or receivable under the contract as notional zero-specific-risk securities. These positions are then entered into the general market risk framework. As premium payments paid under such contracts are contingent on no credit event occurring, a credit event could significantly change the general market risk capital requirement. A firm should consider, under the overall Pillar 2 rule, whether this risk means that the
BIPRU 7.8.3RRP
A firm must include the net underwriting position or reduced net underwriting position in whichever one or more of the following is or are relevant:(1) BIPRU 7.2.3R (1) where debt securities are being underwritten;(2) BIPRU 7.3.2R (1) where equities are being underwritten;(3) BIPRU 7.6.22R where warrants are being underwritten; and(4) BIPRU 7.5.3R where the equities, debt securities or warrants being underwritten are denominated in a foreign currency.
BIPRU 7.8.9GRP
(1) Block trades, including bought deals, and private placements are not within the scope of BIPRU 7.8 because they involve an outright purchase by the firm of the relevant securities.(2) For the purpose of BIPRU 7.8securities include debt and equity instruments and convertibles but excludes loans.
BIPRU 7.8.24GRP
For debt issues and securities which are issued in a similar manner, working day 0 is the later of the date on which the securities are allotted and the date on which payment for them is due.
BIPRU 7.8.27RRP
To calculate the reduced net underwriting position a firm must apply the reduction factors in the table in BIPRU 7.8.28R to the net underwriting position (calculated under BIPRU 7.8.17R) as follows:(1) in respect of debt securities, a firm must calculate two reduced net underwriting positions; one for inclusion in the firm'sinterest rate PRRspecific risk calculation (BIPRU 7.2.43R), the other for inclusion in its interest rate PRRgeneral market risk calculation (BIPRU 7.2.52R);
BIPRU 7.8.28RRP

Table: Net underwriting position reduction factors

This table belongs to BIPRU 7.8.27R

Underwriting timeline

Debt

Equity

General market risk

Specific risk

Time of initial commitment until working day 0

0%

100%

90%

Working day 1

0%

90%

90%

Working day 2

0%

75%

75%

Working day 3

0%

75%

75%

Working day 4

0%

50%

50%

Working day 5

0%

25%

25%

Working day 6 and onwards

0%

0%

0%
IFPRU 6.2.4GRP
Futures or forwards on a basket or index of debt securities should be converted into forwards on single debt securities as follows:(1) futures or forwards on a single currency basket or index of debt securities should be treated as either:(a) a series of forwards, one for each of the constituent debt securities in the basket or index, of an amount which is a proportionate part of the total underlying the contract, according to the weighting of the relevant debt security in the
IFPRU 6.2.5GRP
Notional debt securities derived through this treatment should be assigned a specific risk position risk adjustment and a general market risk position risk adjustment equal to the highest that would apply to the debt securities in the basket or index.
IFPRU 6.2.6GRP
The debt security with the highest specific risk position risk adjustment within the basket might not be the same as the one with the highest general market risk position risk adjustment. A firm should select the highest percentages, even where they relate to different debt securities in the basket or index, and regardless of the proportion of those debt securities in the basket or index.
IFPRU 6.2.7GRP
Where a debt security pays coupons in one currency but will be redeemed in a different currency, it should be treated as:(1) a debt security denominated in the coupon's currency; and(2) a foreign currency forward to capture the fact that the debt security's principal will be repaid in a different currency from that in which it pays coupons, specifically: (a) a notional forward sale of the coupon currency and purchase of the redemption currency, in the case of a long position in
GENPRU 2.2.61DRRP
12If a firm proposes to establish a debt securities program for the issue of capital instruments for inclusion within its capital resources, it must: (1) notify the FCA18 of the establishment of the program; and(2) provide the information required by GENPRU 2.2.61BR (1) to (4)at least one month before the first proposed drawdown. Any changes must be notified to the FCA18 in accordance with GENPRU 2.2.61C R.
GENPRU 2.2.61ERRP
12The capital instruments to which GENPRU 2.2.61B R does not apply are:(1) ordinary shares which:(a) are the most deeply subordinated capital instrument issued by the firm;(b) meet the criteria set out in GENPRU 2.2.83R (2) and (3) and, for a BIPRU firm, GENPRU 2.2.83A R; and(c) are the same as ordinary shares previously issued by the firm;(2) debt instruments issued from a debt securities program, provided that program was notified to the FCA18 prior to its first drawdown, in
GENPRU 2.2.158GRP
Tier two instruments are capital instruments that combine the features of debt and equity in that they are structured like debt, but exhibit some of the loss absorption and funding flexibility features of equity.
GENPRU 2.2.159RRP
A capital instrument must not form part of the tier two capital resources of a firm unless it meets the following conditions:(1) the claims of the creditors must rank behind those of all unsubordinated creditors;(2) the only events of default must be non-payment of any amount falling due under the terms of the capital instrument or the winding-up of the firm and any such event of default must not prejudice the subordination in (1);(3) to the fullest extent permitted under the
GENPRU 2.2.163RRP
GENPRU 2.2.159R (6) does not apply if the firm has obtained a properly reasoned independent legal opinion from an appropriately qualified individual confirming that the same degree of subordination has been achieved under the law that governs the debt and the agreement as that which would have been achieved under the laws of England and Wales, Scotland, or Northern Ireland.
GENPRU 2.2.176GRP
Examples of capital instruments which may be eligible to count in upper tier two capital resources include the following:(1) perpetual cumulative preference shares;(2) perpetual subordinated debt; and(3) other instruments that have the same economic characteristics as (1) or (2).
LR 17.5.1RRP
This chapter does not apply to a state, a regional or local authority and a public international body with listed debt securities except that such an issuer must comply with LR 17.3.2 R (Admission to trading).11
LR 17.5.2RRP
(1) 1This rule applies to a state, a regional or local authority and a public international body with listeddebt securities for whom the United Kingdom is its home Member State for the purposes of the Transparency Directive.(2) An issuer referred to in paragraph (1) that is not already required to comply with the transparency rules must comply with:(a) DTR 5.6.3 R (disclosure of changes in rights);(b) [deleted]2(c) DTR 6.1.3 R (2) (equality of treatment);(d) DTR 6.2 (Filing information
LR 17.4.7RRP
In the case of debtsecurities guaranteed by another company, an issuer must submit to the FCA the annual report and accounts of the company that is providing the guarantee unless that company is listed or adequate information is otherwise available.
LR 17.4.9RRP
Where an issuer proposes to issue further debt securities that are:(1) backed by the same assets; and(2) not fungible with existing classes of debt securities; or(3) not subordinated to existing classes of debt securities;the issuer must inform the holders of the existing classes of debt securities.
BIPRU 14.2.4RRP
BIPRU 14.2.5 R to BIPRU 14.2.8 R apply for the purposes of BIPRU 13.4 (CCR mark to market method).
BIPRU 14.2.5RRP
In the case of total return swap credit derivatives and credit default swap credit derivatives, a firm must obtain a figure for potential future credit exposure by multiplying the nominal amount of the instrument by the following percentages:(1) 5% where the reference obligation is one that if it gave rise to a direct exposure of the firm would be a qualifying debt security for the purposes of BIPRU 7.2;(2) 10 % where the reference obligation is one that if it gave rise to a direct
BIPRU 14.2.8RRP
Where the credit derivative provides protection in relation to 'nth to default' amongst a number of underlying obligations, a firm must apply the percentage figure in BIPRU 14.2.5 R applicable to the obligation with the nth lowest credit quality determined by whether it is one that if incurred by the firm would be a qualifying debt security for the purposes of BIPRU 7.2.
DTR 4.4.2RRP
The rules on annual financial reports in DTR 4.1 (including DTR 4.1.7R (4)1 and3 half-yearly financial reports (DTR 4.2) do not apply to an issuer that issues exclusively debt securitiesadmitted to trading the denomination per unit of which is at least 100,000 euros2 (or an equivalent amount).[Note: article 8(1)(b) of the TD and article 45(1) of the Audit Directive]11332
DTR 4.4.3RRP
The rules on half-yearly financial reports (DTR 4.2) do not apply to a credit institution whose shares are not admitted to trading and which has, in a continuous or repeated manner, only issued debt securities provided that:(1) the total nominal amount of all such debt securities remains below 100,000,000 Euros; and(2) the credit institution has not published a prospectus in accordance with the prospectus directive.[Note: article 8(2) of the TD]
DTR 4.4.4RRP
The rules on half-yearly financial reports do not apply to an issuer already existing on 31 December 2003 which exclusively issue debt securities unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by the issuer'sHome Member State or by a regional or local authority of that state, on a regulated market.[Note: article 8(3) of the TD]
BIPRU 12.7.2RRP
For the purpose of satisfying BIPRU 12.2.8R, a firm to which this section applies may include in its liquid assets buffer only:11(1) high quality debt securities issued by a government or central bank;(2) securities issued by a designated multilateral development bank;(3) reserves in the form of sight deposits with a central bank of the kind specified in BIPRU 12.7.5R and BIPRU 12.7.6R; and(4) in the case of a simplified ILAS BIPRU firm only, investments in a designated money
BIPRU 12.7.3RRP
Subject to BIPRU 12.7.4R, for the purpose of BIPRU 12.7.2R (1), a firm may include only1 a debt security which is:(1) issued by the central government or central bank of an EEA State; or(2) issued by the central government or central bank of Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, Japan, Switzerland or the United States of America.
BIPRU 12.7.4RRP
For the purpose of BIPRU 12.7.3R, a firm may not include a debt security unless:(1) the central government or central bank in question has been assessed by at least two eligible ECAIs as having a credit rating associated with credit quality step 1 in the table set out in BIPRU 12 Annex 1R (Mapping of credit assessments of ECAIs to credit quality steps);4 and4(2) that debt security is either:(a) denominated in the domestic currency of the country in question; or(b) denominated
PERG 2.6.11GRP
Two categories of specified investments relating to debt instruments are dealt with under this heading. They broadly split into private debt and public sector debt.(1) The first category of 'instruments creating or acknowledging indebtedness' (defined in article 77 of the Regulated Activities Order and referred to in the Handbook as debentures) expressly refers to a range of instruments such as debentures, bonds and loan stock and contains a catch-all reference to 'any other instrument
PERG 2.6.11AGRP
6Alternative finance investment bonds (defined in article 77A of the Regulated Activities Order and referred to in the Handbook as alternative debentures) are a form of Sharia compliant bond (known as sukuk in the plural or sakk in the singular) which are intended to be regulated in an equivalent manner to conventional debt securities, where appropriate. Sukuk arrangements allow assets to be held for the benefit of investors in certificates issued by a company. The benefits
PERG 2.6.11HGRP
  1. (1)

    The main provision within the definition of alternative debenture arrangements that seeks to ensure that only instruments that display the characteristics of a debt security can be alternative debentures is set out at PERG 2.6.11CG (5). It provides that the amount of additional payments under the arrangements must not exceed an amount which would, at the time the bond is issued, be a reasonable commercial return on a loan of capital. Where the return is not fixed at the outset, it is the maximum possible amount of the additional payments that must be considered in deciding this question. The following example demonstrates how this condition should be approached.

    2. Example

    ABC Ltd is a property development company. It wishes to increase its portfolio on a short-term basis. It issues 5-year sukuk to investors and uses the proceeds to buy the head lease of a commercial property. The rental income from the lease is distributed to investors in proportion to their holdings without a cap on the level of return. After 5 years, the head lease is sold on at a profit and the proceeds shared between investors.

    In this example, the investors participate directly in the success or failure of the underlying property business. The sakk is not really in the nature of a debt instrument. It is unlikely to be an alternative debenture as:

    • additional payments under the arrangements would exceed a reasonable commercial return on a loan of the capital.

      Further, where the return is not fixed at the outset, it is the maximum possible amount of the additional payments that must be considered. Here, the issue terms of the sukuk impose no upper limit on the amount of the periodic distributions: a sakk holder subscribing 1,000 may, in a year, get back 200 or 2,000 or nothing depending on the rental market. The maximum potential return is clearly in excess of a reasonable commercial return on a loan of 1,000; and

    • the arrangements have not been admitted to an official list or admitted to trading on a regulated market or recognised investment exchange (see PERG 2.6.11CG (6)).
  2. (2)

    If, in the above example, investors returns were capped at 500 per sakk per year, then this is the amount that must be considered in deciding whether the return exceeds a reasonable commercial return on a loan, even where the amounts actually received turn out to be far lower.

  3. (3)

    In applying the reasonable commercial return test, the sakk should be compared to a hypothetical loan to the issuer on similar terms and carrying similar risks. For example, a conventional security convertible into shares will normally carry a lower rate of interest because the conversion right has a value. The return on an exchangeable or convertible sakk should be measured against the return on an equivalent exchangeable or convertible debt security.

  4. (4)

    The risk to investors in sukuk may vary slightly from that of a conventional bond in some instances. This may be due to the fact that sukuk holders only have recourse to the bond assets or some other structural feature which results in the risk profile being higher. In such instances it may be justifiable for the rate of return to be slightly higher than that of a conventional loan.

  5. (5)

    As with any financial instrument, the pricing of sukuk will depend on the issuers view of the market at the time of issue and reasonable commercial return may vary depending on the issuer and the economic circumstances prevalent at the time of issue.

PERG 2.6.15GRP
The specified investment category of certificates representing certain securities covers certificates or other instruments which confer rights in relation to shares and debt securities. It includes depositary receipts.
BIPRU 12.5.18GRP
In the appropriate regulator's view, Type A wholesale funding is likely to include at least funding which:(1) is accepted from a credit institution, local authority, insurance undertaking, pension fund, money market fund, asset manager (including a hedge fund manager), government-sponsored agency, sovereign government, or sophisticated non-financial corporation; or(2) is accepted through the treasury function of a sophisticated non-financial corporation which may be assumed to
BIPRU 12.5.54GRP
In complying with BIPRU 12.5.52R, a firm should assess the extent to which it can and realistically will:(1) restrict new retail lines without significantly damaging customer relationships;(2) restrict new wholesale lending without significantly damaging its ability to resume such lending following the period of stress in question;(3) cease to provide liquidity support to its sponsored vehicles;(4) decline to exercise call options whose effect if not exercised might be to cause
BIPRU 12.5.55GRP
For the purpose of BIPRU 12.5.54G (5), a firm may wish to continue repurchasing its debt to help demonstrate that a two-way market continues to be made in its paper and, more generally, in order to maintain the long-term viability of its debt issuance programme. Equally, a firm may wish to continue repaying retail depositors before the contractual maturity of those deposits in order to maintain confidence in its ability to continue to meet its liabilities as they fall due.
LR 1.6.1ARRP
1An issuer must comply with the rules that are applicable to every security in the category of listing which applies to each security the issuer has listed. The categories of listing are:(1) premium listing (commercial company); (2) premium listing (closed-ended investment fund);(3) premium listing (open-ended investment companies);(4) standard listing (shares);(5) standard listing (debt and debt-like securities);(6) standard listing (certificates representing certain securities);(7)
BIPRU 8.6.1DRRP
3If a groupundertaking proposes to establish a debt securities program for the issue of capital instruments which the firm intends to include within its capital resources or the consolidated capital resources of its UK consolidation group or non-EEA sub-group, it must:(1) notify the appropriate regulator of the establishment of the program; and(2) provide the information required by BIPRU 8.6.1BR (1) to (4); as soon as it becomes aware of the proposed establishment. The appropriate
BIPRU 8.6.1ERRP
3The capital instruments to which BIPRU 8.6.1B R does not apply are:(1) ordinary shares issued by a groupundertaking which:(a) are the most deeply subordinated capital instrument issued by that groupundertaking;(b) meet the criteria set out in GENPRU 2.2.83R (2) and GENPRU 2.2.83R (3) and GENPRU 2.2.83A R; and(c) are the same as ordinary shares previously issued by that groupundertaking;(2) debt instruments issued from a debt securities program established by a groupundertaking,
BIPRU 7.3.14RRP
A future (including a synthetic future), forward or CFD on a single equity must be treated as a notional position in that equity.
BIPRU 7.3.17GRP
An example of BIPRU 7.3.16R is as follows. A firm decides to treat a FTSE Eurotop 300 future under the standard equity method, and furthermore, chooses to treat it as one notional position. The table in BIPRU 7.3.16R requires that this notional position be treated as if it were from a separate notional country rather than any of the countries to which the underlying equities are from.