associate
- (1) (in LR) (in relation to a director, substantial shareholder,45 or person exercising significant influence, who is an individual):23
- (b) the trustees (acting as such) of any trust of which the individual or any of the individual's family is a beneficiary or discretionary object (other than a trust which is either an occupational pension scheme or an employees' share scheme which does not, in either case, have the effect of conferring benefits on persons all or most of whom are related parties;23
- (c) any company in whose equity securities the individual or any member or members (taken together) of the individual's family or the individual and any such member or members (taken together) are directly or indirectly interested (or have a conditional or contingent entitlement to become interested) so that they are (or would on the fulfilment of the condition or the occurrence of the contingency be) able:23
- (i) to exercise or control the exercise of 30% or more of the votes able to be cast at general meetings on all, or substantially all, matters; or23
- (2) (in LR) (in relation to a substantial shareholder45 or person exercising significant influence, which is a company):
- (a) any other company which is its subsidiary undertaking or parent undertaking or fellow subsidiary undertaking of the parent undertaking;
- (b) any company whose directors are accustomed to act in accordance with the substantial shareholder's45 or person exercising significant influence's, directions or instructions45;45
- (c) any company in the capital of which the substantial shareholder or person exercising significant influence and any other company under paragraph (1) or (2) taken together, is (or would on the fulfilment of a condition or the occurrence of a contingency be) able to exercise power of the type described in paragraph (1)(c)(i) or (ii) of this definition. 45
- (3) (except in LR)23(in relation to a person ("A")):
- (a) an affiliated company of A;
- (b) an appointed representative of A, or a tied agent of A,49 or of any affiliated company of A;